Periodontal Surgery in Turkey

What Is Periodontal Surgery?

Periodontal surgery is a range of surgical procedures that treat the supporting structures of the teeth affected by periodontitis: the gingiva (gum), periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone. The surgery begins with a full-thickness flap reflection—the gum is gently separated from the underlying bone to expose the root surfaces and bony architecture. The surgeon then debrides the roots (removing calculus and bacterial biofilm), recontours diseased bone, and may apply regenerative materials (bone grafts, enamel matrix proteins, or membranes) to rebuild lost attachment.

Unlike non-surgical scaling, which relies on blind instrumentation below the gumline, surgical access allows the periodontist to see and clean every millimetre of root surface under magnification. This direct visualisation is the single most important factor in achieving long-term disease arrest.

Types of Periodontal Surgery

Open Flap Debridement

The foundational procedure for generalised moderate-to-severe periodontitis. The gum is reflected, root surfaces and bony defects are debrided under direct vision, and the flap is sutured back at its original level or slightly apically repositioned to reduce pocket depth. Healing reduces probing pocket depths from 6–10 mm to 2–4 mm, making home care effective again.

Osseous (Resective) Surgery

When periodontitis has created irregular bony defects, the surgeon recontours the bone to eliminate craters and ledges that trap bacteria. Combined with flap debridement, this creates a cleansable architecture that prevents disease recurrence.

Guided Tissue Regeneration (GTR)

For isolated intrabony defects (vertical bone loss around a single root), a barrier membrane is placed over the defect after debridement to exclude fast-growing gum cells while allowing slower-growing bone and ligament cells to repopulate the defect. GTR can regenerate 2 to 5 mm of lost attachment in appropriately selected defects.

Soft-Tissue Grafting (Gum Graft)

For gingival recession where the root is exposed and sensitive or aesthetically objectionable, a small piece of tissue is harvested from the palate and sutured over the recession defect. The graft covers the exposed root, thickens the biotype (making future recession less likely), and restores the natural gum contour.

Periodontal Surgery Cost in Turkey vs. the UK and Europe

Prices include preoperative assessment with full periodontal charting and radiographs, the surgical procedure, and all post-operative follow-up.

The Procedure: What to Expect

Step 1: Preoperative Assessment

Full periodontal charting records probing depths, recession, furcation involvement, and tooth mobility for every tooth. Periapical and bitewing radiographs visualise bone levels. The periodontist maps the exact surgical plan: which quadrants, which grafts, and which regenerative materials.

Step 2: Surgery

Under local anaesthesia, the gum is reflected and the surgical site is debrided under magnification. Bony recontouring, grafting, or membrane placement is performed as planned. The flap is sutured back with microsurgical sutures. A periodontal dressing (pack) may be placed to protect the site.

Step 3: Suture Removal and Maintenance

Sutures are removed at 7 to 10 days. A 3-month follow-up appointment with repeat charting confirms pocket depth reduction and attachment gain. Long-term maintenance (periodontal recall every 3 to 4 months) is essential to prevent recurrence.

Meet Your Istanbul Periodontists

Vellum Select's periodontists are surgical specialists who perform these procedures daily, not general dentists who occasionally operate. They use magnification (loupes or operating microscopes) for every procedure, microsurgical instrumentation, and the latest regenerative materials. Their periodontal recall programme ensures that the surgical investment is protected long-term.